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杂交导致基因污染
In agriculture and animal husbandry, green revolution popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield many folds by creating “high-yielding varieties”. Often the handful of breeds of plants and animals hybridized originated in developed countries and were further hybridized with local varieties, in the rest of the developing world, to create high yield strains resistant to local climate and diseases. Local governments and industry have been pushing hybridization with such zeal that several of the wild and indigenous breeds evolved locally over thousands of years having high resistance to local extremes in climate and immunity to diseases have already become extinct or are in grave danger of becoming so in the near future. Due to complete disuse because of un-profitability and uncontrolled intentional, compounded with unintentional cross-pollination and crossbreeding (genetic pollution) formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion and genetic pollution resulting in great loss in genetic diversity and biodiversity as a whole.
环境保护
Environmental preservation is the strict setting aside of natural resources to prevent damage caused by contact with humans or by certain human activities, such as logging, mining, hunting, and fishing. It is different from conservation; conservation allows for sustainable development, whereas preservation is complete restriction of development. Regulations and laws may be enacted for the preservation of natural resources. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 in the United States, for example, was designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction caused by the damaging side-effects of economic growth and development.
导致环保行动复杂化的三大原因
The challenge to orchestrate the changes necessary for environmental improvement are further complicated in at least three ways. First, there are conflicting viewpoints as to the role government plays to influence private industry to replace technologically damaging processes with more
ecologically sound technologies. Second, to phase out current technologies is a burden many corporations are unwilling to take on; implementation of new technologies adversely affects profit margins. Third, governmental failures in policy create a situation where corporations have no incentive to move towards pollution control. Implementation of governmental policies and programs designed to improve the environment fail because there is no incentive for legislators to determine the costs and benefits of their legislation, as there is a lack of appropriate experience in the matter. Legislators focus only on the appearance of implementing solutions for the popular vote, and then allow their decisions to be clouded by lobbyists and political maneuverings. The resulting regulatory standards and technological mandates inappropriately micromanage the private sector, limiting their creativity to allocate resources to improve and change.
