GRE写作Issue部分精品素材分享之人性的美德

2015年08月07日14:51 来源：小站整理: 参与（0）阅读（2396）

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康德观点：两性的不同美德

Women’s mental ability and understanding, then, refer to the beautiful. Men’s deep, noble understanding is not suitable for women. Women have beautiful virtues such as kindness and benevolence. Men’s virtue is noble and has to do with principles and duty. Because a woman is concerned with the beautiful, the worst that can be said against her is that she is disgusting. A man’s greatest defect, however, would be that he is ridiculous, as this is the opposite of the sublime.

In sexual selection, a woman demands that the man have noble and sublime characteristics. A man wants a woman to possess beautiful qualities. In a marriage, the husband and wife unite their disparate attributes to form, as it were, a single moral person. The man’s understanding combines with the wife’s taste to constitute a union.

康德观点：美好感情和人性的关系

Kant described the relationship between these finer feelings and humanity. The feelings are not totally separated from each other. Beauty and the sublime can be joined or alternated. Kant claimed that tragedy, for the most part, stirs the feeling of the sublime. Comedy arouses feelings for beauty. The personal appearance of humans prompts these feelings in various cases. A person’s social position also affects these feelings.

Human nature has many variations of the feelings of the beautiful and the sublime. Some variations of the terrifying sublime are the adventurous and grotesque. Visionaries and cranks are persons who have fantasies and whims. The beautiful, when it degenerates, produces triflers, fops, dandies, chatterers, silliness, bores, and fools.

康德观点：美和高尚的不同对象

Kant states that feelings of enjoyment are subjective. In his book, he describes his observations. His interest is not in coarse, thoughtless feelings or in the other extreme, the finest feelings of intellectual discovery. Instead, he will write about the finer feelings, which are intermediate. These require some sensitivity, intellectual excellence, talent, or virtue.

There are two kinds of finer feeling: the feeling of the sublime and the feeling of the beautiful. Kant gives examples of these pleasant feelings. Some of his examples of feelings of the beautiful are the sight of flower beds, grazing flocks, and daylight. Feelings of the sublime are the result of seeing mountain peaks, raging storms, and night.

Kant gives many particular examples of feelings of the beautiful and the sublime. Feelings of the beautiful “occasion a pleasant sensation but one that is joyous and smiling.” On the other hand, feelings of the sublime “arouse enjoyment but with horror.”

Kant subdivided the sublime into three kinds. The feeling of the terrifying sublime is sometimes accompanied with a certain dread or melancholy. The feeling of the noble sublime is quiet wonder. Feelings of the splendid sublime are pervaded with beauty.