新GRE作文真题满分范文讲解剖析（Argument55）之游戏爱好者
- 2015年05月11日16:53 来源：小站整理
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GRE作文考试最大的特点，便是GRE题库的公开，所有GRE考试中可能会出现的作文题目，都已经事先公布在ETS的GRE官网上。尽管考题公开透明，但庞大的题量，对于想要做好充分准备的考生来说，仍然算得上是巨大的挑战。为了方便广大考生准备GRE作文，小站为大家整理了针对题库中ARGUMENT类文章题目的满分范文，包含详细的逐段讲解和满分要素剖析，相信能给大家提供一些帮助。
Arg-55
The following appeared in an editorial in a business magazine:
"Although the sales of Whirlwind video games have declined over the past two years, a recent survey of video-game players suggests that this sales trend is about to be reversed. The survey asked video-game players what features they thought were most important in a video game. According to the survey, players prefer games that provide lifelike graphics, which require the most up-to-date computers. Whirlwind has just introduced several such games with an extensive advertising campaign directed at people 10 to 25 years old, the age group most likely to play video games. It follows, then, that the sales of Whirlwind video games are likely to increase dramatically in the next few months."
满分范文赏析
This editorial concludes that a two-year decline in sales of Whirlwind's video games is about to reverse and that, further, sales will increase dramatically “in the next few months”. To justify this conclusion the speaker cites a survey in which video-game players indicated a preference for games with realistic graphics. The editorial then points out that Whirlwind has just introduced several such games alongside an advertising campaign, which, the speaker reasons, are clear indicators of fast approaching success. The argument is based on several unproven assumptions.
【此段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即：C – E - F的开头结构，首句概括原文的C(Conclusion)。接下来的一句话概括了原文为了支持他的结论所引用的E(evidence)。最后尾句中给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文在逻辑上存在F(Flaw)。
【此段功能】
本段作为Argument开头段，具体功能就在发起攻击。首先，概括原文的结论：Whirlwind(简称W)电子游戏销售持续两年的下降有望在几个月后逆转。接下来分别列举了原文为了支持这个结论引用的证据：一项调查指出玩家喜欢有realistic graphics的游戏，同时W公司刚刚推出这样的游戏并实施了广告战略。论据的归纳用于铺垫出正文段的具体攻击。最后点出原文存在逻辑错误，引出后面的分析。
First, the statistical reliability of the survey quickly comes into question. Unless the survey's respondents are representative of the overall population of video-game enthusiasts, the author should not rely on it to make forecasts about future earnings.
【此段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第一个逻辑错误的错误类型和原文犯错位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。
【此段功能】
本段作为正文第一段，攻击文章犯的主要逻辑错误：调查类错误。作者认为文中引用的调查的可靠性值得商榷。作者提出，原文中的调查应当具有在游戏爱好者中有representative，否则基于调查得到的结论是靠不住的。
Secondly, the argument relies on the assumption that the two-year decline in company sales is attributable to a problem that the introduction of its new games and ad campaign will solve. It is entirely possible that the decline was due to other factors: pricing and distribution strategies, poor management, and so on. Consider, for example, if the advertising agency was actually the cause for sagging sales over the past two years. An additional, albeit ramped up effort, by the same failing tactics is not likely to cause a reversal.
【此段结构】
本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第二个逻辑错误的错误类型和原文犯错位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。
【此段功能】
本段作为正文第四段，攻击文章犯的主要逻辑错误：错误因果(无理由假设)。作者认为原文中没有关于“销售趋势”的具体介绍。进一步，作者提出其他可能性来反驳原文的结论，例如：很有可能刚发布的新游戏前几个是low sales period。
To strengthen it the author must provide clear evidence that video-game enthusiasts, 10-25 years of age, would be interested in Whirlwind's new games and that they could afford to buy them. To better assess the argument the audience would need to know (1) what caused the two-year sales decline to begin with, and whether Whirlwind's new strategy eliminates that cause; (2) what competing products might challenge earnings over the next three months; and (3) general information about video game sales trends.
【此段结构】
本段采用的Argument结尾段结构是 S的结尾结构，首直接分条给出合理建议Suggestion。
【此段功能】
本段作为Argument结尾段，具体功能就是提供建议措施，作者给出几条建议：一是要证明10-25岁的游戏爱好者对W公司新游戏感兴趣并且可afford，二是要指出过去两年销售量下降的原因以及new strategy能否避免下降的证据。三要给出接下来几个月中其他竞争的情况，四要给出电子游戏销售的趋势。这几条建议含蓄的隐射前面的错误，前后呼应，文章有力结尾，浑然一体。
