10月22日小站GRE阅读逻辑机经 提前理顺思路才能提速提分

2017年10月16日15:22 来源：小站教育作者：orangejojo

参与（2） 阅读（5915）

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短篇阅读

Since the 1980s, experts have been claiming that the skill demands of today’s jobs have outstripped the skills workers possess. Moss and Tilly counter that worker deficiencies lie less in job-specific skills than in such attributes as motivation, interpersonal skills, and appropriate work demeanor. However, Handel suggests that these perceived deficiencies are merely an age effect, arguing that workers pass through a phase of early adulthood characterized by weak attachment to their jobs. As they mature, workers grow out of casual work attitudes and adjust to the workplace norms of jobs that they are more interested in retaining. Significantly, complaints regarding younger workers have persisted for over two decades, but similar complaints regarding older workers have not grown as the earlier cohorts aged.

The last sentence serves primarily to

A. suggest that worker deficiencies are likely to become more pronounced in the future

B. introduce facts that Handel may have failed to take into account

C. cite evidence supporting Handel’s argument about workers

D. show that the worker deficiencies cited by Handel are more than an age effect

E. distinguish certain skills more commonly possessed by young workers from skills more commonly found among mature workers

正确答案

C

题目解析

专家认为现在的工作要求超出了工人的能力---→M、T认为工人的在motivation, interpersonal skills, and appropriate work demeanor这几个方面的问题更大----→转折，H认为这个缺点仅仅是年纪的问题(年纪老一些时就好了)----→值得注意的是，关于青年工人的抱怨持续了二十年，而对于年长工人，类似的抱怨并没有(随着年岁)增长(支持H的观点)

长篇阅读

In the early twentieth century, the idea that pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound replaced the notion that pianists should be virtuosos whose performances thrilled audiences with emotional daring and showy displays of technique. One important figure to emerge in the period, though a harpsichordist rather than a pianist, was Wanda Landowska (1879–1959). She demonstrated how the keyboard works of Baroque composers such as Bach, Handel, Scarlatti, and Couperin probably sounded in their own times. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of Romantic playing dominated by Liszt, Leschetizky, and their pupils. Thus she grew up with and was influenced by certain Romantic traditions of performance, whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship; Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention.

Her playing was Romantic, but it was at least as close in spirit to the style of playing intended by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750) and Classical (1750–1830) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists since Landowska. She had a miraculous quality of touch, a seemingly autonomous left hand; no artist in her generation could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the Baroque masters. And none could make their music so spring to life.

Her achievements were the result of a lifetime of scholarship, truly remarkable physical gifts, and resilient rhythm, all combined with excellent judgment about when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct. Of course, developing such judgment demanded considerable experience and imagination. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and emotional content of a piece, and to do so, she took liberties, all kinds of liberties, while nevertheless preserving the integrity of a composer’s score. In short, her entire musical approach was Romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic.

Thanks to Landowska, Bach’s music (originally composed for the harpsichord) now sounded inappropriately thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach’s music as adapted for the piano by Liszt or by Tausig. Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti’s. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions of Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord—and piano performances of Bach and Scarlatti were, despite the obvious similarities between the harpsichord and the piano, transcriptions, no matter how faithfully the original notes were played. In accordance with this kind of purism came an emphasis on studying composers’ manuscript notations, a relatively new field of musicology that is flourishing even today.

1. The passage suggests that Landowska’s playing embodied a rejection of which of the following?

A. Emotionally resonant interpretations of musical works.

B. An audience’s complete silence during a performance.

C. Performances of previously obscure Baroque works.

D. The idea that a performer can correctly judge when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct.

E. Performances emphasizing showy displays of technique that compromise the integrity of a composer’s original score.

正确答案

E

题目解析

主旨直选法，细读第一句得出文章主旨：在这个时期，一种新idea代替了旧的notion。新的idea是文章主旨：pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound(钢琴家应该是这么一种音乐家：其演奏反映的是作曲家希望他们的作品能够被听到的样子)。 深入理解：钢琴家应该作为一种重现作曲家意图的媒介。 然后说： One important figure to emerge in the period is L(本文主人公) 根据全文理解，L是这种新的idea的践行者。 那么题目：L的演奏反对什么? 由上述L支持的东西来推论：L支持演奏应该原原本本的表达作曲家的意图(the way composers wanted their music to sound)，那么L会反对： E：一种表演：重视技巧，而compromise(此处作危害，GRE常考)the integrity of the composer's original score.(original是关键)

2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the compositions of Scarlatti?

A. They were adapted by Liszt and Tausig.

B. They have not been transcribed faithfully.

C. They were not composed during the Baroque period.

D. They were composed for instruments other than piano.

E. They fell out of favor with most musicians in the early twentieth century.

正确答案

D

题目解析

信息1： Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti’s. 说明S的作品从属于Baroque music

信息2： Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord

说明Baroque music 开始不是写给piano的，因为是写给H的

推断： S属于B;B不是写给piano;那么S也不是写给piano，所以D选项正确

3. The author’s assertion that Landowska should not be considered a classicist serves primarily to emphasize which of the following?

A. Landowska specialized in playing the works of composers of the Baroque era.

B. Landowska’s repertoire included orchestral music only.

C. Landowska’s musical performances were not devoid of emotion.

D. Landowska’s repertoire emphasized works of long-lasting interest and value.

E. Landowska advocated the study of Classical style or form.

正确答案

C

题目解析

"Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention. "就说明她的演奏是富有感情色彩的。然而 “by composers of the Baroque (1600–1750) and Classical (1750–1830) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists ” 说明classical表演没有感情。选项c的意思是L的表演不全没有感情，也就是带有感情，这个和classical的特点相悖，所以说明L不是classical的

逻辑阅读

Despite a dramatic increase in the number of people riding bicycles for recreation in Parkville, a recent report by the Parkville Department of Transportation shows that the number of accidents involving bicycles has decreased for the third consecutive year.

Which of the following, if true during the last three years, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy in the facts?

A. The Parkville Department of Recreation confiscated abandoned bicycles and sold them at auction to any interested Parkville residents.

B. Increased automobile and bus traffic in Parkville had been the leading cause of the most recent increase in automobile accidents.

C. Because of the local increase in the number of people bicycling for recreation, many out-of-town bicyclists ride in the Parkville area.

D. The Parkville Police Department enforced traffic rules for bicycle riders much more vigorously and began requiring recreational riders to pass a bicycle safety course.

E. The Parkville Department of Transportation canceled a program that required all bicycles to be inspected and registered each year

正确答案

D

题目解析

本题逻辑链：P市骑自行车的人多了--但自行车交通事故却减少了，问可能原因(支持逻辑链)

选项A：某部门拍卖被遗弃自行车卖给市民 无法解释原因，不选。

选项B：增加的机动车和巴士是机动车事故增长的主要原因。跟自行车无关，不选。

选项C：因为本地骑自行车的人多了，许多外地自行车爱好者也来了。只是增加了逻辑链前半段，对于解释矛盾毫无帮助。不选。

选项D：P市警察局加强了骑自行车的交通规则并开始要求骑车人通过自行车安全课程。支持，因为加强教育，所以大家都更注意安全了，因此事故减少。逻辑完成合理，正确选项。

选项E：P市交通部取消了一个要求所有自行车每年检查注册的项目。只会加重交通问题，无法解释事故减少，不选。

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